Polycarbonate materials have a unique balance of beneficial features including high temperature resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates in between commodity plastic materials and engineering plastics.
Polycarbonate is definitely a long-lasting material. Whilst it offers significant impact-resistance, it's got minimal scratch-resistance and thus a hard coating can be applied to polycarbonate eyewear lenses and polycarbonate exterior motor vehicle components. The characteristics relating to polycarbonate are like those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), except polycarbonate is undoubtedly stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and has better light transmission characteristics than several types of glass.
Polycarbonate has a glass transition temperature near 150 °C (302 °F), so it softens slowly above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools are required to be held at warm to high temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) for making strain- and stress-free products.
Unlike most other thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo dramatic shape changes without cracking. Because of this, it is sometimes processed and formed at room temperature using standard sheet metal techniques, which include forming bends with a brake. Even for sharp angle bends having a tight radius, no heating is usually necessary. This makes it useful for prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are needed, which can not be crafted from sheet metal. Please keep in mind PMMA/Plexiglas, which is similar in appearance to polycarbonate, but it's brittle and can't be bent unless it is heated.
Polycarbonate is often utilized in eye protection, and also in other projectile-resistant see through or lighting applications that would normally require the use of glass, but require higher impact-resistance. Many different types of lenses are produced from polycarbonate, including automotive headlamp lenses, lighting lenses, sunglass/eyeglass lenses, swimming and SCUBA goggles, and safety visors for use in sporting helmets/masks and police riot gear. Windscreens in small motorized vehicles are commonly fabricated from polycarbonate, such as for motorcycles, ATVs, golf carts, and small planes and helicopters.
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